In 1941, Citizen Kane, an American drama film, was released. It starred Orson Welles who also directed it. Even today, movie magnates view 'CK' as one of the finest films in movie-making history. It was highly acclaimed for its music, its unique narration, and its ground-breaking cinematography.
Before the film was made, Welles was receiving accolades after his performances with the Mercury Players. He caught the attention of Hollywood moguls through his highly controversial radio program, War of the Worlds, in 1938. The next year he was signed on contract with RKO Pictures.
Even though he was an 'untested' film director, Welles was given complete freedom to write a screenplay, pick the cast and crew, and he was also allowed 'final cut' privilege. His first two attempts were disasters. Then, just in the nick of time, Welles and Mankiewicz collaborated and produced the screenplay for Citizen Kane.
Citizen Kane was filmed in 1940, and released the following year. It dominated the Academy Awards by being nominated in as many as 9 categories. To the delight of Mankiewicz and Welles, it scooped the Best Writing (Original Screenplay) award.
The movie is a roman a clef. This means that it describes real people and real life behind the disguise of fiction. CK scrutinizes the life of Charles Kane based on publishing magnate, William Randolph Hearst. It also studies the life of Welles himself.
Kane started his career in the newspaper publishing industry because he had a passion for journalism. However, over the years, this passion turned into a relentless quest for power. The film is narrated with the use of flashbacks. The story is unfurled through the research of a reporter trying to solve the mystery surrounding Kane's dying word which was simply 'Rosebud'.
Although the movie was critically acclaimed, it was a box office disaster. It faded into oblivion for some years until French movie critics declared it to be outstanding. This sparked new interest and CK enjoyed a major revival in America during 1956. As before, critics agreed that indeed it was 'the greatest film of all time'. It remained on leading film polls for another 50 years.
Film scholars and historians alike considered the cinematography to be innovative. They were especially impressed by the extended utilization of deep focus. In virtually every scene of the film, the background, foreground and the sections in between, are in focus. This is attributed to many experiments with lighting and lenses done by cinematographer, Gregg Toland.
Another notable element of the film was the way which low angle film shots were used. Ceilings are visibly seen in the background of numerous scenes. At that time, all movies were filmed on sound stages. It was not possible to show a ceiling because sound stages had no ceilings. So how was it done in CK?
The crew of Citizen Kane achieved this by draping muslin on the top of the set to create the effect of a room with a ceiling. The microphones were hidden on top of the muslin. Trenches were dug in the floor so that low angle shots could be used in the scene where Kane and Leland meet when after the elections. The role of Kane was played by Welles. - 40729
Before the film was made, Welles was receiving accolades after his performances with the Mercury Players. He caught the attention of Hollywood moguls through his highly controversial radio program, War of the Worlds, in 1938. The next year he was signed on contract with RKO Pictures.
Even though he was an 'untested' film director, Welles was given complete freedom to write a screenplay, pick the cast and crew, and he was also allowed 'final cut' privilege. His first two attempts were disasters. Then, just in the nick of time, Welles and Mankiewicz collaborated and produced the screenplay for Citizen Kane.
Citizen Kane was filmed in 1940, and released the following year. It dominated the Academy Awards by being nominated in as many as 9 categories. To the delight of Mankiewicz and Welles, it scooped the Best Writing (Original Screenplay) award.
The movie is a roman a clef. This means that it describes real people and real life behind the disguise of fiction. CK scrutinizes the life of Charles Kane based on publishing magnate, William Randolph Hearst. It also studies the life of Welles himself.
Kane started his career in the newspaper publishing industry because he had a passion for journalism. However, over the years, this passion turned into a relentless quest for power. The film is narrated with the use of flashbacks. The story is unfurled through the research of a reporter trying to solve the mystery surrounding Kane's dying word which was simply 'Rosebud'.
Although the movie was critically acclaimed, it was a box office disaster. It faded into oblivion for some years until French movie critics declared it to be outstanding. This sparked new interest and CK enjoyed a major revival in America during 1956. As before, critics agreed that indeed it was 'the greatest film of all time'. It remained on leading film polls for another 50 years.
Film scholars and historians alike considered the cinematography to be innovative. They were especially impressed by the extended utilization of deep focus. In virtually every scene of the film, the background, foreground and the sections in between, are in focus. This is attributed to many experiments with lighting and lenses done by cinematographer, Gregg Toland.
Another notable element of the film was the way which low angle film shots were used. Ceilings are visibly seen in the background of numerous scenes. At that time, all movies were filmed on sound stages. It was not possible to show a ceiling because sound stages had no ceilings. So how was it done in CK?
The crew of Citizen Kane achieved this by draping muslin on the top of the set to create the effect of a room with a ceiling. The microphones were hidden on top of the muslin. Trenches were dug in the floor so that low angle shots could be used in the scene where Kane and Leland meet when after the elections. The role of Kane was played by Welles. - 40729
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